1. Summary

2. About

  • Industrial Automation & Control

  • 0-10V signal

3. PLC vd DCS

  • PLC (Programmable Logical Control)

  • DCS (Ditributed Control System)

4. Current-loop (Analog Sensor)

  • 4-20mA Signal

  • 4 & 20 mA representing 0-100% of the range of measurement or control.

  • Pair of wire for each sensor

  • One sense value for each pair of wire

  • On controller side we need a Analog Digital Converter (ADC)

  • Unlike voltage, current does not vary due to line resistance or capacitance

5. Bell 202 Model Standard

  • Defined at Late 1970

  • on 1980 start used

  • Modulation Method: Audio Frequency-Shift Keying (AFSK)

    • 1200 Hz (indicate binary value of 1), 2200 Hz (indicate binary value of 0)

  • For encode and transmit digital data at rate of 12000 bps (bit per second)

  • halft-duplex (trasmitir numa direcção por vez)

  • Provide continually signing as a AC sign wave that shift its frequency

6. IEC 61158 Fieldbus

Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specifications

IEC 61158 consists of the following parts, under the general title Digital data communications for measurement and control - Fieldbus for use in industrial control systems:

*   Part 1: Overview and guidance for the IEC 61158 series
*   Part 2: Physical Layer specification and service definition
*   Part 3: Data Link Service definition
*   Part 4: Data Link Protocol specification
*   Part 5: Application Layer Service definition
*   Part 6: Application Layer Protocol specification

7. Types/Brands of fieldbus

  • Fieldbus

  • HART

  • Modbus (Modicom/Schneider Electric)

  • Modbus TCP

  • Modbus Plus

  • Lon Works (Echelon Corporation)

  • BACNet

  • Foundation FiedBus

  • DNP

  • DeviceNet (Rockwell Automation)

  • CAN

  • CAN Open (many Vendors)

  • COntrolNet (many Vendors)

  • EtherNet/IP

  • EtherCAT protocol

  • Profinet

  • Profibus (Siemens)

  • Profibus PA

  • Profibus-DP (Descentralised Peripherals)

  • M-Bus (Meter-Bus)

8. Modbus

  • Oldest: Published by Modicom(Schenneider Electric) 1979

  • http://www.modbus.org/

  • Version: V1.1b3 April 26, 2012

    • www.modbus.org/docs/Modbus_Application_Protocol_V1_1b3.pdf

Types

  • Modbus RTU

  • Modbus ASCII

  • Modbus TCP

  • Modbus Plus

Physical Media

  • RS323, RS048 (two wire)

  • Ethernet

Request Format
[Device Addres(Broadcast Address) |Function Code |Data |CRC Error Check]

9. Profibus (PROcess FIeld BUS)

  • Release: 1993

  • Stats: 50 Million Devices in 2017

  • Connector similar ao conector DB9 (Porta Serial)

  • Cabo Cor (

  • Popularizado: Pela Siemens

  • Cada Device com unico endereço: 1-127

    • Endereço configuravel por software (STEP7, TIA-PORTAL), hardware (DIP Switch)

      • SIMATIC ET200SP

  • Cabos: 50…​1000meters

  • 9600 bps - 2Mbps

10. Profinet (PROcess FIeld BUS)

  • Connector: RJ-45 Ethernet Jack

  • Cabo: Normalmente cor verde (Cabos ""), mas qq cabo de rede com proteçao para ambiente industrial serve

    • 100 Metros

    • reponse time: < 1ms

  • Standard Ethernet swith podem ser usados para expandir a rede

  • 100 Mbps

    • Industrial Ethernet Switch (SCALANCE)

  • Types de endereços: IP Address, MAC Address, Device Name

11. Profibus Support

12. Fieldbus

  • Node

  • Trunk (In, Out)

  • Fieldbus Power Supply/Conditioner

  • DCS/PLC Controller

  • Workstation/HMI

  • Maximun number of field devices per segment is 32

13. HART

  • Highway Addressable Remote Transducer (HART) Protocol

  • Network of 63

  • Each device can send up to 35-50 item

    • psi, Configuration, Diagnostic Alert, tagname

Request type package
[Node # |Read Value |Process Value |Other Data |16]
HART device runs on 4-20 mA signal as base and digital information is
modulated on it using Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) modulation technique
as 2100 Hz as "0" and 1200 Hz as "1" to be read at the demodulator/receiver.

The HART Protocol implements layers 1,2, 3, 4 and 7 of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) 7-layer protocol model: The HART Physical Layer is based on the Bell 202 standard, using frequency shift keying (FSK) to communicate at 1200 bps. The signal frequencies representing bit values of 0 and 1 are 2200 and 1200Hz respectively.

Network Caracterization

  • Type of Network: Device (Process Automation)

  • Physical Media:

    • 4-20 mA analog instrumentation wiring

    • 2.4 GHz wireless

  • Network Topology: One-on-One, multidrop, wireless mesh

Others

14. HART-IP

…​

15. WirelessHART (IEC 62591- ED.1.0)

…​

16. HART Analyzer

Finaltec HART Analyzer is a tool to monitor the HART protocol between field
devices and your PC. It used Hart Communication Protocol Lite for the
communication.

Dotnet

17. HartProtocolLite

Hart Communication Protocol Lite is a small and simple project to
communicate with field devices via HART protocol. It's developed in C#.

18. HART Device Description (DD)

A HART Device Description (DD) is fundamentally a model of a HART-compliant field device.

19. Electronic Device Description Language (IEC 61804-3, EDDL)

…​

20. BACnet

BACnet Data Communication Protocol for Building Automation and Control Networks

NPDU - Network Protocol Data Units
APDU - Application Protocol Data Unit

21. BACnet I/P for Java

A high-performance implementation of the BACnet I/P protocol
written for Java (minimum version 1.5) by Serotonin Software.
Supports all BACnet services and full message segregation.
Can be used for field devices or for control platforms.

22. FieldComm Group

23. Haystack

We standardize semantic data models and web
services with the goal of making it easier to unlock value from the vast quantity
of data being generated by the smart devices that permeate our homes, buildings,
factories, and cities. Applications include automation, control, energy, HVAC,
lighting, and other environmental systems.

24. W-MBus

  • Wireless-MBus, W-MBus, wMBus

What is Wireless Meter Bus (Wireless M-Bus, W-MBus, wMBus)
The Wireless M-Bus standard (EN13757-4:2014-2) specifies the RF communication link between water, gas, heat, and electric meters and the data collecting devices.